The Minneapolis Star-Tribune had a good article highlighting a dilemma that farmers will face in upcoming seasons: choosing between conservation and care of environmentally sensitive tracts on their lands and plowing that land under to squeeze out more dollars while crop prices are high.
For the past 25 years, the federal government has compensated farmers for maintaining environmentally sensitive lands as grasslands instead of plowing it under. This has had the dual benefit of maintaining some natural habitat as well as putting a cap on crops – all things being equal, a farmer might try to plow every inch of his or her land, theoretically offering a little extra cash, but, when everyone does it, ultimately driving prices down and causing ruin. This is the kind of program that is often portrayed by opponents as “paying farmers not to farm,” suggesting images of farmers sitting on porches, doing nothing and growing rich. (I want to see that farmer, if he exists anywhere – clearly people who create and believe this stuff don’t live anywhere near farm country.) In fact, the program has covered less than 10 percent of land in Minnesota (which is the state with the most participation), and the land is generally hilly land that might erode easily. With the land in native grass instead of under the plow, it’s led to decreases in soil erosion as well as significant reductions in nitrogen and phosphorus flowing down the Mississippi and contributing to the “dead zone” off the coast of Louisiana.
But now, with austerity the word in Washington, your good representatives in Congress are eyeing the program as a great way to save billions of dollars over the next decade or so, so that we can maintain our low tax rates for rich folks. And farmers, meanwhile, are realizing that if crop prices stay where they are, they can make more money by plowing that land. The long-term harm from doing so either won’t be felt in their lifetimes (even though topsoil takes thousands of years to grow, there will still be some of it left by the time they retire) and the downstream effects, including water pollution, don’t really effect them.
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